Reference Library
What is the Reference Library?
Keeping current with the retina literature is, for most, an ongoing, futile effort. New journals are constantly being introduced, and existing journals keep getting thicker and thicker. Researching a topic on PubMed doesn’t allow you to spot key references or quickly digest what’s new globally on a topic of interest. And remembering what you’ve read a few weeks later (or even after you’ve turned the page to the next article) is a struggle.
To address these concerns, we pull key clinical references from 24 major ophthalmic and retinal journals each month (click here for the journal list). Although we can’t provide the journal article PDF due to copyright issues, we provide a single-line citation with a brief summary of the article’s main points. Our goal is to capture all major clinically relevant references.
Please contact us if we’re missing any key references or if any reference is mis-summarized or cited.
Want to Automatically Receive Our Monthly Journal Article Summaries?
That’s easy! Just subscribe to the Retina World Congress’s monthly email blast here.
How is the Reference Library integrated into the Image Library?
At the top of most Image Library folders is a ___References Word document containing the annotated bibliography for that topic. Every month, we file key articles into the appropriate Retina Rocks folder(s) and update this file. Key articles are located at the top of the list. This allows for a rapid snapshot and review of the literature while also looking through our multimedia images. Some seemingly unrelated references are included in each folder to aid in differential diagnosis or to learn about similar findings in other disorders.
Key Retina Journal Articles of the Month
Here is the current month's snapshot of key retina journal articles
Monthly Archives
Reduction of Choroidal Thickness and Choroidal Vascularity Index by Faricimab Compared with Ranibizumab and Aflibercept in Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy and Pachychoroid Neovasculopathy
Retina. 2026 Jun 1;46(6):1115-1123. doi:10.1097/IAE.0000000000004794.
Vabysmo (vs Lucentis and Eylea) for PCV or pachy NV: Greater subfoveal choroidal thickness and choroidal vascularity index reductions — retrospective, 96 eyes.
Reduced Macular Pigment in Vitamin A Deficiency Retinopathy
Br J Ophthalmol. 2026 May 20;110(6):658-660. doi: 10.1136/bjo-2025-328384.
Vitamin A deficiency retinopathy from Crohn’s disease and unknown cause: lack of normal foveal hypo-FAF persisted post-supplementation — retrospective, 5 patients.
Scleral buckling in stage 4A/B retinopathy of prematurity: A retrospective analysis of 105 eyes
Indian J Ophthalmol. 2026 Jun 1;74(6):921-926. doi: 10.4103/IJO.IJO_1518_25.
Scleral buckling in stage 4A-B ROP is effective and less invasive for select eyes with peripheral traction —retrospective, 105 eyes.
Retinal Pigment Epithelial Hamartomas in Familial Adenomatous Polyposis: New Insights Based on Multimodal Imaging of 233 Lesions
Ophthalmol Retina. 2026 Jun;10(6):661-671. doi: 10.1016/j.oret.2026.01.012.
RPE hamartomas in FAP: A mean of about 10 lesions per eye; iso- or hyper-FAF depigmented halo, fish-tail, and absence of lacunae or cystoid edema differentiate them from typical CHRPE; 22% had associated PED — prospective, 12 patients.
Hyperreflective Choroidal Foci and Their Longitudinal Changes After Treatment for Branched Retinal Vein Occlusion-Associated Macular Edema
Retina. 2026 Jun 1;46(6):1031-1038. doi: 10.1097/IAE.0000000000004785.
BRVO ME hyperreflective choroidal foci are dynamic biomarkers associated with increased treatment burden and briefer recurrence to ME — retrospective, 68 patients.
Prevalence of the Predisposing Gene MBD4 for Uveal Melanoma
JAMA Ophthalmol. 2026 Jun 1;144(6):536-540. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2026.1071.
MBD4 gene increased risk for developing uveal MM; found in 2.6% of MM patients, 31-fold increased risk vs the general population — 896 French patients.
Standardizing Measurement of Complete Retinal Pigment Epithelial and Outer Retinal Atrophy: Classification of Atrophy Meeting Report 8
Ophthalmol Retina. 2026 Jun;10(6):633-641. doi: 10.1016/j.oret.2026.01.017.
Standardizing measurement of AMD cRORA: Integrating en face with cross-sectional B-scan best. Adoption of the “abnormal RPE band” term as a unified category for RPE abnormalities. CAM Consensus meeting.
Interferon as a novel agent for management of macular edema: Where do we stand?
Indian J Ophthalmol. 2026 Jun 1;74(6):828-836. doi: 10.4103/IJO.IJO_2752_25.
Review: Interferon as novel agent for macular edema.
Clinical spectrum of intraocular inflammation following faricimab intravitreal injections: evidence from a large real-life cohort in the United Kingdom
Eye (Lond). 2026 Jun;40(8):1138-1144. doi: 10.1038/s41433-026-04371-x.
Post-Vabysmo IOI 2-year incidence 0.2% per injection — retrospective, Moorfields Eye Hospital, 3975 eyes.
Vitrectomy and Subretinal tPA Injection for Subretinal Hemorrhage Secondary to Retinal Arterial Macroaneurysm: A Multicenter Study
Retina. 2026 Jun 1;46(6):1039-1045. doi: 10.1097/IAE.0000000000004799.
PPV+ Subretinal tPA+ Gas for submacular hemorrhage secondary to RAM: Best results when surgery is performed within 2 weeks of symptoms — retrospective, 18 eyes.
Increased intraocular pressure immediately after aflibercept 8 mg intravitreal injection for neovascular age-related macular degeneration
Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2026 Jun;264(6):1611-1617. doi: 10.1007/s00417-026-07117-3.
Eylea HD nAMD: Immediate post-injection increased IOP generally normalizes within 30 minutes. Suggests careful monitoring, especially with glaucoma — retrospective, 41 eyes.
OCT and OCT-A Findings in Giant Cell Arteritis: PAMM as a Specific Ischemic Marker
Retina. 2026 Jun 1;46(6):1065-1071. doi: 10.1097/IAE.0000000000004783.
GCA: PAMM is highly specific, especially in the presence of AION (but low sensitivity) in biopsy-positive patients — prospective, 70 patients.
Retinal Ischemic Perivascular Lesions are Associated with Multifactorial Disease Burden and Severity of Diabetic Retinopathy
Ophthalmol Sci. 2026 Mar 12;6(5):101155. doi: 10.1016/j.xops.2026.101155.
Retinal ischemic perivascular lesions associated with DR severity and partially explain the effect of HTN on DR severity — prospective, 129 eyes.
Cardiovascular risk following transient vision loss
Br J Ophthalmol. 2026 May 20;110(6):714-720. doi: 10.1136/bjo-2025-328605.
Post-transient vision loss has increased short- and long-term risk of major adverse cardiovascular events, including CVA, MI, arrhythmia, and hospitalization — Retrospective, TriNetX database.
Effectiveness and safety of intravenous thrombolysis for non-arteritic central retinal artery occlusion: A GRADE-assessed meta-analysis
Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2026 Jun;264(6):1541-1558. doi: 10.1007/s00417-026-07145-z.
Meta-analysis: IV thrombolysis for non-arteritic CRAO improves visual recovery when administered within 4.5 hours of symptom onset, but doesn’t alter final VA. May increase the chance of earlier vision recovery.
Comparing the use of the Optos Silverstone widefield imaging system with ultrasound B-scanning for the assessment of choroidal naevi
Eye (Lond). 2026 Jun;40(8):1265-1267. doi: 10.1038/s41433-026-04437-w.
Choroidal nevus: Optos Silverstone OCT is helpful for assessing CN thickening. Better than ultrasound for lesions under the threshold of 1mm. 36 eyes.
Use of intravitreal fluocinolone acetonide implant in inflammatory macular oedema
Eye (Lond). 2026 Jun;40(8):1145-1154. doi: 10.1038/s41433-026-04381-9.
Iluvien for inflammatory ME: Effective functionally and anatomically with limited AEs and reduced treatment burden — retrospective, 73 eyes
Outcomes and Complications of Pars Plana Vitrectomy for Nonclearing Vitreous Hemorrhage Without Tractional Elements
Ophthalmol Retina. 2026 Jun;10(6):596-605. doi: 10.1016/j.oret.2026.01.013.
PPV for non-clearing diabetic vit heme without traction. Preop anti-VEGF does not affect postop vitreous heme, VA, or repeat PPV— retrospective, 306 eyes.
Effective communication strategies in intravitreal therapy: How to listen and how to talk to people who need injections in their eyes
Surv Ophthalmol. 2026 Jul-Aug;71(4):1148-1161. doi: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2026.02.007.
Review Intravitreal therapy: Effective communication strategies, and how to listen and talk to people who need injections in their eyes.
Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Hemorrhagic Choroidal Detachments From 2003-2020: A Single Center Experience
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2026 Jun;57(6):350-354. doi: 10.3928/23258160-20260413-02.
Hemorrhagic choroidal detachments had similar VA in appositional and non-appositional detachments, and surgery didn’t affect final VA —retrospective, 39 eyes.
Safety and efficacy of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plus corticosteroids versus anti-VEGF alone for macular edema from retinal vein occlusion: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Surv Ophthalmol. 2026 Jul-Aug;71(4):1029-1043. doi:10.1016/j.survophthal.2026.02.004.
Systematic review and meta-analysis. BRVO ME anti-VEGF + steroids vs anti-VEGF alone: Combined Rx modest efficacy with fewer injections, but increased risk for elevated IOP and cataract surgery.
Reduction in Pigment Epithelial Detachment Thickness with Faricimab versus Aflibercept 2 mg during Head-to-Head Dosing in TENAYA/LUCERNE
Ophthalmol Sci. 2026 Mar 10;6(5):101148. doi: 10.1016/j.xops.2026.101148.
TENAYA LUCERNE post hoc: nAMD PED improved better with Vabysmo than Eylea 2mg.
Eyes Achieving Absence of Diabetic Macular Edema and Very Good Vision: A Post Hoc Analysis of Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research Network Protocol AC
Ophthalmol Retina. 2026 Jun;10(6):615-624. doi:10.1016/j.oret.2026.02.009.
DRCR Protocol AC post hoc analysis: Eyes achieving at least 20/25 with no DME. Eylea monotherapy is quicker to no DME, longer for CST worsening, and quicker to very good VA vs. Avastin 1st, BUT final proportions are similar.
